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IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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Hiotographic 

Sdences 
Corporation 


23  >   -«'.  MAIN  SmEIT 

W'.BS'iER.N.Y.  M580 

(716)  S73-4S03 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notos/Notaa  tachniques  at  bibliographiquaa 


Tha  Inttituta  has  attamptad  to  obtain  tha  bast 
original  copy  availabia  for  filming.  Faaturas  of  this 
copy  which  may  ba  bibliographically  uniqua, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagas  in  tha 
raproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  changa 
tha  usual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chacltad  balow. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm*  la  maillaur  axamplaira 
qu'il  lui  a  4tA  possibia  da  sa  procurer.  Las  d^ails 
da  cat  axamplaira  qui  sont  paut-Atra  uniquas  du 
point  da  vua  bibliographiqua,  qui  pauvant  modifier 
una  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mAthoda  normala  de  filmaga 
sont  indiqute  ci-dessous. 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couieur 


I      I    Covers  domeged/ 


Couverture  endommegie 


□   Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurAe  et/ou  pelliculAe 

□   Cover  title  missing/ 
Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


n~|    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  gAographiques  en  couieur 


□    Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  bleck)/ 
Encre  de  couieur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

□    Coloured  plates  and/or  Illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couieur 


D 
D 
D 
0 

n 
0 
0 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couieur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagAas 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurtes  et/ou  pelliculAes 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  dAcoiorAes,  tachatAes  ou  piqutes 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ditachtes 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  print  varies/ 
QuelitA  inAgale  de  I'impression 


Th«  copy  fllmad  h«r«  hat  b««n  r«produc«d  thanks 
to  tha  ganaroaity  of: 

Library  Division 

Provincial  Archives  of  British  Columbia 

Tha  imagaa  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  baat  quality 
posaibia  conaidaring  tha  condition  and  lagibility 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  kaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  spacificationa. 


Original  copias  in  printad  papar  covars  ara  filmad 
baginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  last  paga  with  a  printad  or  illustratad  impraa- 
aion,  or  tha  back  covar  whan  appropricta.  All 
othar  original  copias  ara  filmad  baginning  on  tha 
first  paga  with  a  printad  or  illustratad  impras- 
aion,  and  anding  on  tha  last  paga  with  a  printad 
or  illustratad  imprassion. 


Tha  last  racordad  frama  on  aach  microficha 
shall  contain  tha  symbol  -^  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  symbol  V  (moaning  "END"). 
whichavar  applias. 


Maps,  platas.  charts,  ate.  may  ba  filmad  at 
diffarant  raduction  ratios.  Thosa  too  larga  to  be 


L'axamplaira  filmA  fut  raproduit  grica  A  la 
gAnAroaitA  da: 

Library  Division 

Provincial  Archives  of  British  Columbia 

Las  imagas  suivantaa  ont  4t4  raproduitas  avac  la 
plus  grand  soin.  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattatA  da  l'axamplaira  filmA,  at  mn 
conformity  avac  las  conditions  du  contrat  da 
filmaga. 

Las  axamplairas  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  ast  imprimia  sont  filmis  an  commandant 
par  la  pramiar  plat  at  an  tarminant  soit  par  la 
darniAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'imprassion  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  la  sacond 
plat,  salon  la  cas.  Tous  las  autras  axamplairas 
originaux  sont  filmte  an  commandant  par  la 
pramiAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'imprassion  ou  d'illustration  at  9n  tarminant  par 
la  darniAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  talla 
amprainta. 

Un  das  symbolas  suivants  apparaltra  sur  la 
darniira  imaga  da  chaqua  microficha,  salon  la 
cas:  la  symbols  — »•  signifia  "A  SUIVRE ',  la 
symbols  V  signifia  "FIN". 


Las  cartas,  planchas,  tableaux,  ate,  pauvant  Atre 
film  As  A  das  taux  da  reduction  diffArants. 


y /^77 


Cession  of  American  Territory 

A  Pacific  Coast  Protest  Against  the  Yielding  by  the  United  States  of  any  Portion 

of  Alaska  to  the  Dominion  of  Canada. 

IX  l."^^.^  thf  ( ioxfrnnu'iit  of  Russia  and  (irt-at  Britain  I)\  <:\c;iy  and  formal  ti-^aty 
d«.'l«.'rniint.'d  thv  intt-Twnin;^-  line  hctwcH-n  tlu'ir  rcspt'Ctisi'  ]»osst'ssions  (»n  tlu- 
contim-nt  of  North  Anu'rica.  (irt-at  Britain  thi'ii  acknow  Iv  I'^rd  thv  ri^ht  of 
Kussiatoall  of  tlu'  Pacific  Coast  north  of  54-4-i>  and  Portland  canal,  and  \\<.'st  (»f  th*.- 
suniniits  of  tht-  rani^r  of  nKuintains  noarost  to  the  coast.  If  such  mountains  wvw 
far  from  thi'  short',  then  the  liiu'  was  to  he  drawn  ten  m.arine  leaiiius  Ironi  thi' 
ocean.  During'  the  following  fort\-two  \ears  Russia  remained  in  undisputed  ownei-- 
shi])  of  all  that  re<;-ion,  known  then  as  Russian  America,  and  until,  in  1<S<»7.  her 
title  thereto  was  passed  to  the  United  States  for  S7,(M,)(),(MMI.  At  that  time  the  white 
inhabitants  numbered  about  one  thousand,  all  of  whom,  saw  a  tew  enyaj^'ed  in  the 
fur  trade,  were  reliant  u])on  the  Russian  o-o\ornment  for  their  means  of  li\in^\ 
There  were  no  fisheries,  no  manufactures,  no  minin<^\  no  farming;,  no  business 
and   relations  with  any  other  countrx  and  ])eople  than  Russia  and  the  Russians. 

With  the  advent  (»f  the  Americans  came  a  chanye.      Steamers   beyan   to   run 
there  from  California.  Orej.i'on  an<l  Washin^'ton  ])(>rts  ;  peo])le  of  the  world  were  in- 


iPV 


^^ 


&»i 


sited  to  t.'ikr  .'Khantaj^i-  <»!  tin-  (tpiiort iinitn's  on  «.'\t'i*\  hand:  i>.iditar\  and  na\al  pro- 
tia'tion  was  <^i\An  aiiainsl  tlu'  sa\a.iiX's  ot  tlu'  land;  mail  siTxici-s  wcri'  i'stal)lisht'(l, 
and   ( iowM'nnu'nt  i'\i)lorat ions  nndi-rtaUfn  :  tin-  Inr  sral  tislu-fx   i-mpIoNrd  s».'oih's  <»t 


Aidska  Steamers  at  a  Seattle      Schwabaehcr's     Wharf. 

\i-.->fl^  and    Ir.ind  I'rils    of    mm.  and  1  t  ».anu'  w  <irth  milln^n^  m|' dollai's  ;  -^almon   wiTi- 
tdinitl  otV  iht,'  ».'<);ivt.  and  Li'i"*'a1   li->luTii's  wrr*.-  olahli-^hnl.  cmiilox  inu"  ot  lu'i"  li\in<lrr(l> 


of  iiicii.  \\hi)|mt  ii]t  n<i\\  25.'.  11  •!>. I II 11*  til  4i». <>'•;>. oiiii  (,ni-]»iiiiiii|  i;in>  nt  li^h  .a.li  -.mn- 
niff  lor  thr  A  ii>t  i-;ili:in.  ICii  ro|i,';in  ami  A  m  'i-'Kaii  mai-kcl^:  t|iiai-t/  \\f|-c  tomul. 
miller  wtTf  opi-ntMl.  ami  mi  IK  luiilt .  one  ot  t  li.'m.  with  SSii  >,tam]»x.  hriiii^-  t  he  lar<^(>-t 
in  the  World  :  |>Ia*.'iM'^  wci'c  aUo  joiin  1.  an  1  li'oin  th  •  two  >>oiirv,o^  ii)»war<K  o|  S5.- 
(HMI.IMHI  of  M-uld  wcrr  i>l»taiiu'(l  diiriiiLi"  t  ho  \  oar  l"^'*^.  Tw  o  huii  1  re  1  and  tilt\  Am«!- 
iv'an  sti'amoi-^  woi-o  fiiLi".i,L:'o'l  in  tho  Ala-^ka  IimK'  1  i^t  \i'ii\  ami  an  a\orat^f  ol  moto 
than  one  \ono1  a  driv  dopaiMod  iri>ni  S'lttl.'  alon,.  fui"  port^  in  that  toiriloi  \  . 
SawmilK  ha\o  hi'rn  xtaiMod  thoro.  >onU'  larmiii'.;- ihrno.  a  haliWnt  li<^hcr\  lir^^nn.  and 
in  t  ho  summrr  a  yroat  nnm  hoi"  of  tonri>>t  ^  o-, ,  t(»  t  ho-^o  intoi-i'^t  in^'  ^  ho  !•»•>>.  All  t  hl-^ 
do\  t'lopmont  ol  i-cNoti  roo^  ha'^  in\  ol\  «.'d  the  oponi  n^;'  ot  t  ho  (.'on  n1 1"\ .  t  ho  vi\  ili/ino'  ot 
tho  nati\i'>,  .and  t  ho  o^tahlishnu'nt  tlu'ri-ot  a  lari^'o  ]>opnIat  ion  of  A  moruan  (.iti/oii^. 
with  t  w  o  litii's  of  at  Ksf^t  .^••"ii  inhahitants  fach.  and  main  >malK'r  town-^.  in  tho->o 
*.'itit'->  ari'  dail\  now  sp;i]>or>>.  olo^'tri*."  lii^'ht^.  1olophono>.  nnuTudpal  ui'ovofnnionts  and 
now  tlu'  stoam  cuv  and  ti'loL;i'aph.  In  tho  w  holo  toi-rito|-\  aro  ovi^r  .^n.ood  viti/on> 
<d  onr  *."onnt i'\  .  an  ;i\ora;jo  ^I'-'iin  >in(."i'  1S(>7  ot  onothon->and  pi'rannnm.  With  it-> 
]»ra*."t  i^'alK  nntouchod  timht'r.  it^  v'oal.  its  p.-t  rolciim.  i^odtish.  w  halo.  Inidn-arin;^" 
.'ininiaN.  L'tt...  ad(k'd  to  its  soal.  salmon.  ,!^"old  ami  othor  roNonr>.'os.  as  att  rai-tions, 
thi'ro  is  iTason  to  hidicxo  t hat  Alaska  with  its  halt  million  stiuart-  milos  of  torri- 
toi-\  will  >n])port  c'omfortahh  a  half  million  pL-opK- a  hall  contiir\-  Ihmu'o.  It  is  no 
( "i  ri'iMiland.  hut  rathor  a  SwimKmi  .and  Norwa\.  .and.  likr  thoso  oonnt  rii-s.  will  !>»■  a 
o-rc.at  factor  in  tho  comniorci' of  tho  world. 

While   Rus-^ia   lu-M    tho  countrv   (iroat  Britain  ,ai)]>aron  th   c.aroil  nothino-  tor 


2M5184 


it.      IJcyonda   inr   t  radiiii:-  i)ri\ilfoi.   ik.  rittniipt    was   madi-   t(.  avail   of  it.      Takfii 

(liiriny  tlu'  Criiiu-an  war  it  was  cln-tT- 
liilly  ri'liininislu'd  at  tho  cl(»st- as  of  no 
valni'.  X(»t  until  tlu-  citizons  (»f  tlu- 
TnitiMl  States  showi'd  its  worth  in  lish, 
in  tiniluT.  in  j^vtld  and  in  trade  did  tlu- 
Hritons  and  Canadians  f\  inci-  inti-ri'st 
in  and  (k'sire  for  it.  Then  I)\  insidious 
methods  attempts  ln-o-an  to  li.\  a  claim 
upon  the  ».oiinti-\ .  The  old  maps  wi-re 
discarded,  and  new  maps  issued  upon 
which  tlu-  boundary  line  he^an  further 
north  and  was  l<tcate(j  nearer  the  sea. 
Farewell  to  an  Alaska  Steamer.  taking"  into  the  I  )(»mi  nion  a  Considerable 

aiea  of  tlu'  best  portion  of  southeastern  Alaska.  The  next  step  was  to  yet  the 
ni'wspapers  to  publish  tlu'  claim,  and  to  fix  it  in  the  ])ublic  mind  as  a  propi'r  and 
i'e*4idar  thini^"  contemplated  e\<'n  b\-  the  tn-aty  makers  ot  1825.  From  this  it  was 
eas\  to  cause  a  contention,  first  local  and  then  international,  in  consecpK-nce  of 
which  thi'ir  claim  ci  uld  be  ])lace(l  before  the  Hritish-Amei'ican  Joint  Hij^i'h  Com- 
mission, w  here  nothinj^'  could  be  lost,  but  w  here  s(»methin«>-  mij^ht  be  j^ained  in  the 
makini^'  ol  concessions  and  exchanj^vs  common  to  such  bodies.  It  was  a  clexer 
schenu'  but  one  w  ithout  honestx .  justice  (»r  merit. 


Ill    ;u\'<ir(l;iiur    with  lhi>  i»l;iii  it   i^  imw   said  that   t  he  L'anadiaiiN  afc  to  ha\t'a 
jmrtiuM  111   Alaska.      'Phis  ]H»i-ti<>ii  will  iiuhidi-  tlu-  lu-ad  u|   L\  iin  Canal,    madf  world 


Stcjmcr   Ouccn  Bound  For  Aldska. 
laiindis  durini^-   tlu']»ast    two   xt-ars    l»\   tiu'    rush  of  5t>.(MHi  o-(»ld  miii.Ts  to  t hr  Klon- 


(lik«'.      It    will    wlmlh    hkIikIi'   t  Iu-  tow  n  nt'    I)\i','i.  with  its  t  huiiNand  inli;il>it;iiitN.  it*^ 
;u'i-i;il  tfainwax  ;iii(l  it-^  I'.   S.  inilitarx    <j'affisnii.      It    willaNd   imhulc  i»iu-lialf    tin- 


An  Alaska  River  Steamer. 

cit\    ot   Skaywav,    with   tittL'on   hundrod  <»r   more  inhabitants,    its  twt.'nt\-   miles  of 
Aiiu'rican    hnilt   raihvay.  its  \\har\t's.   trade  and   j^Towini^-  importance.      In   takinj^- 


tlu'si-  ))l;u-i's  it  will  traiist'iT  t'rdin  tlu-  rnitrd  Statrs  ti»  a  lu|-fiuii  |m.u»t  the  •si.Ic  ;in<l 
ahsoliitf  control  of  intfix-oiirst' u  it  h  tlu' y-iH-at  interior,  in  which  is  inNoKt'd  a  tratii*. 
o'  i-nornioiis  proportion-^  and  of  ^ri-at  worth.  It  will  injuro  i'\ir\  citi/.  ui.f  thr 
(  n;tf(l  States  from  San  Dii'^o  to  Sitka,  and  will  hinniliatc  thr  lonntrN  from  o,-.an 
to  oci-an  and  i-nd  to  i-nd.  l<'or  thf  first  tinu-  in  (.nr  histors  tin-  tlai^-  will  !..•  haiihd 
down,  and  tlu-  land  (.wr  whicdi  it  lonj.^-  had  lloatt'd  will  lu-  '/wi'u  awa\.  s<.ld  oi-  >,iir- 
rondt'ri'd.  This.  too.  without  consideriny  tin-  wislu-s.  wants  or  rii^hts  of  thr  pro- 
plr  most  atiVctrd:  and  this.  too.  for  rithrr  no  considi'ration  at  all  or  for  a  «.-onsidrr- 
ation  of  trifling-  cdiaractrr.  That  such  an  act  can  hr  pi-rprt  ratrd  in  tlu-^r  da\  s  of 
national  ylor\ ,  of  patriotism  and  expansion,  is  iiurrdihlr.  Against  its  connnisNion 
thr  protrsts  (d"  thr  proplr  should  avail,  and  that  of  thi-  Si-attlr  Chamhrr  (.f  C'oni- 
mrrcr  is  hrrr  and  now  rarnrstly  and  rrsprct  fulh   prrst-ntrd. 

K.    ().    C.RAVKS. 
.1.    .1.    M((;!!.\'I\V\. 
WILL    11.    l».\KMn'. 
.WDKKW    KNOX. 
TlioS.    W.    1M\M)SC"1I. 
Srattlr.   Prl)ruar\-,   1S'>'>.  ^'miii  mil  trr. 


^ 


Alaska   Steamers  at  a  Seattle     O.  I.  Go's.     Wharf. 


□ 


D 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
RaliA  avac  d'autras  documantt 

Tight  binding  may  causa  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serrAe  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  la  long  de  la  marge  IntArieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  ,9eut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d  une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais.  lorsque  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  AtA  filmAes. 


n 


Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplAmentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Mition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  ref limed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Las  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  At4  filmAes  k  nouveau  de  fapon  A 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


bi 
ri 
re 

rr 


□ 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplAmentaires: 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  indiquA  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


aox 


y 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


•ntiraly  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich*.  il  est  film*  A  partir 
de  Tangle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Las  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthodo. 


irrata 
to 


pelure. 
n  A 


1 

2 

3 

□ 


32X 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

